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Using density functional calculations,we elucidate the interaction between magnons and phonons on Fe(001) and O/Fe(001) surfaces.The effective Heisenberg exchange parameters between neighbor sites (Ji) were derived by fitting the ab initio spin spiral dispersion relation to a classical Heisenberg model.In bulk Fe,J5b has a larger amplitude than J2b-J4b.Surface magnons were softer on the Fe(001) surface than in bulk,but were strengthened on the O/Fe(001) surface through strong interactions between the O and Fe atoms.The four calculated high-energy phonon modes of O/Fe(001) excellently agreed with the experimental measurements.The J1 in O/Fe(001) decreased significantly with increasing phonon amplitude.Phonon-magnon coupling occurred more easily on O/Fe(001) than on Fe(001).The softening of the magnon on the O/Fe(001) with phonon amplitude was attributed to the reduced amplitude of longitudinal excitations.Magnetic moment of the Fe atom of the second layer (Fe2) was especially sensitive to phonon amplitude,regardless of the motion direction of the Fe2 atoms.