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目的 了解乙型脑炎住院患者医院感染的发生率、感染部位、临床类型、住院时间及危险因素。方法 回顾性分析了 1993年 6月～ 2 0 0 0年 10月住院治疗的乙型脑炎患者 16 2例及其各类临床危险因素。结果 医院感染发生率 4 4 .5 %,儿童 10 3例 ,医院感染率 2 8.3%,构成比 6 3.5 8%;老年患者 30例 ,医院感染率 8.2 4 %,构成比18.5 2 %;以重型、极重型病例为主 ,住院时间长 ,感染发生率高 ,感染部位以呼吸道为主占 38%,泌尿系占2 8.8%。结论 乙型脑炎重型、极重型易并发各种感染 ,临床上应针对各类危险因素采取有效措施控制医院感染 ,使患者度过临床极期 ,降低病死率。
Objective To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with Japanese encephalitis, the location of infection, clinical type, length of hospital stay and risk factors. Methods A retrospective analysis of 162 cases of Japanese encephalitis inpatients from June 1993 to October 2000 and their clinical risk factors were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of nosocomial infection was 44.5%, that of children was 103, that of hospital infection was 8.3%, and that of constitutional ratio was 3.58%. There were 30 cases of elderly patients and 8.24% of hospital infections, with a ratio of 18.5% , Very severe cases, long hospital stay, high incidence of infection, mainly respiratory tract infection accounted for 38%, urinary system accounted for 8.88%. Conclusions Japanese encephalitis, severe and complicated with various infections, should take effective measures to control nosocomial infections according to various risk factors so that the patients can pass the clinical period and reduce the mortality.