在激光和红外技术中,应用了很多易吸湿的晶体,如氯化钠、碘酸锂、磷酸二氢钾等,这些晶体即使在一般的大气条件下,也要潮解。因此,怎样防止它们不受潮湿环境的影响,是一个很重要的课题。国外在这方面做了大量的研究工作,取得了显著的成绩。到目前为止,晶体防潮的方法有以下几种:等离子体聚合法、阴极溅射法、热蒸发法、浸入折射率匹配液防潮法、化学法及离子交换法。本文扼要介绍这些方法的概况。 In the laser and infrared technology, the application of a lot of easily hygroscopic crystals, such as sodium chloride, lithium iodate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., these crystals even in the general atmospheric conditions, but also deliquescence. Therefore, how to prevent them from damp environment is an important issue. Foreign countries have done a lot of research in this field and have achieved remarkable results. To date, there are several methods for damp-proofing crystals: plasma polymerization, cathode sputtering, thermal evaporation, immersion index matching liquid moisture-proof, chemical and ion exchange methods. This article gives a brief overview of these methods.