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为对水资源重要组成部分和极端水文事件频发诱因之一的积雪融水有较好的认识,本文基于2001年-2010年昆马力克河流域8dMODIS积雪合成数据,从整个区域、不同坡度、不同坡向和不同海拔高度对其积雪时空变化规律进行研究。结果表明:昆马力克河流域最大积雪覆盖面积出现在1月,最小积雪覆盖面积出现在8月,冬季积雪所占比例最大;从坡向看,四季中最大积雪覆盖率出现在冬季坡向为22.5~67.5°的东北坡,为77.9%,最小积雪覆盖率出现在夏季坡向为157.5~202.5°的南坡,为28.3%;从坡度看,四季中最大积雪覆盖率出现在坡度>60°的区域,最大值出现在春季,为82.2%,最小积雪覆盖出现在坡度为0~10°区域,以夏季最小,为29.9%;从高程带看,最小积雪覆盖率出现在海拔高度小于2000m的区域,最大积雪覆盖率出现在海拔高度大于5000m的区域,在多年平均情况下,年平均积雪覆盖率随着海拔高度的增加呈现“慢-快-慢”的增大趋势。
In order to better understand the snowmelt melting which is one of the most important components of water resources and one of the most frequent causes of extreme hydrological events, based on the snow accumulation data of 8dModel in the Kunmu Lectra River Basin from 2001 to 2010, The spatial and temporal variations of snow cover were studied by using different slopes, different slopes and different altitudes. The results showed that the largest snow cover area in the Kunmu Lectra River Basin occurred in January, the smallest snow cover area appeared in August and the snow cover area accounted for the largest proportion in winter. From the aspect, the maximum snow cover in the four seasons appeared at In the northeast slope of 22.5 ~ 67.5 ° in winter, the minimum snow cover is 77.9%. The minimum snow cover appears in the south slope of 157.5 ~ 202.5 ° in summer, which is 28.3%. From the aspect of slope, the maximum snow cover in the four seasons Appeared in the area of slope> 60 °, the maximum appeared in spring, which was 82.2%, the smallest covered snow appeared in the area of 0 ~ 10 ° and the lowest in summer, which was 29.9%. From the elevation zone, the minimum snow cover The rate appears in the area where the altitude is less than 2000m, and the maximum snow coverage appears in the area where the altitude is more than 5000m. Under the average condition for many years, the annual average snow cover shows “slow-fast-slow” as the altitude increases "Increasing trend.