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人类白细胞抗原系统(HLA)是人类的主要组织相溶性抗原系统,是位于第六对染色体短臂上的一组紧密连锁的基因群,决定着体内所有细胞表面的糖蛋白结构。电子计算机统计分析的引进及微量淋巴毒试验的开展,大大促进了HLA 的鉴定工作。目前已发现的HLA 位点有血清学检测的A、B、C 和DR 系列抗原。经混合淋巴细胞培养检测的D系列抗原。HLA-A、B、C 位点抗原存在于所有的有核细胞膜及血小板上,免疫后可产生相应的同种异型抗体,HLA-D、HLA-DR 的基因产物见于B 淋巴细胞、吞噬细胞、内皮细胞及某些T 细胞的亚群上。60年代以来,HLA 与人类疾病之间的关系研究得到了重
The human leukocyte antigen system (HLA), the major histocompatibility antigen system in humans, is a tightly-linked group of genes located on the short arm of the sixth pair of chromosomes, which determines the glycoprotein structure on all cell surfaces in the body. The introduction of computer statistical analysis and the development of micro-lymphatic toxicity test greatly promoted the identification of HLA. HLA loci have been found so far serologically detected A, B, C and DR series of antigens. D-line antigen detected by mixed lymphocyte culture. HLA-A, B, C site antigen present in all nucleated cell membranes and platelets, after immunization can produce the corresponding allotype antibodies, HLA-D, HLA-DR gene products found in B lymphocytes, phagocytes, Endothelial cells and certain subsets of T cells. Since the 1960s, the relationship between HLA and human diseases has been studied