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研究了喀斯特地区典型坡地3条人工开挖样沟(投影长21 m、宽1 m)的岩土结构特征、土壤剖面平均含水量和土岩界面含水量沿坡面向下的变化趋势,探讨了喀斯特坡地基岩起伏对土壤水分格局的影响.结果表明:喀斯特坡地地表地形与基岩地形不一致,基岩深度变异系数最大为82%,基岩起伏较大.基岩起伏程度明显影响到土壤剖面水分分布格局:基岩起伏较小时,土壤含水量呈上坡位至下坡位逐渐增加的趋势,且土壤剖面平均含水量和土岩界面含水量与基岩深度相关性均不显著;基岩起伏越大,土壤含水量沿坡向下线性增加的趋势越不明显,土壤水分空间连续性越差,基岩凹陷、裂隙处土壤含水量较高,土壤剖面平均含水量和土岩界面含水量与基岩深度呈极显著正相关,但后者对基岩起伏的响应更明显.
This paper studied the geotechnical characteristics of three artificially excavated sample ditches (21 m long and 1 m wide) on the typical slope in the karst area. The average water content of the soil profile and the downward trend of the water content along the slope surface were discussed. The results show that the surface topography of karst slopes is inconsistent with the bedrock topography, the maximum coefficient of variation of bedrock depth is 82%, and the bedrock fluctuation is relatively large.The undulation of bedrock obviously affects the soil profile Moisture distribution pattern: When the bedrock undulation is small, the soil water content tends to increase from the upper slope to the lower slope, and the average soil water content and the correlation between soil water content and bedrock depth are not significant; bedrock The greater the fluctuation is, the less obvious the soil water content increases linearly downward along the slope. The poorer the spatial continuity of soil moisture is, the higher the soil water content is, the mean water content of soil profile and the interfacial water content There is a significant and significant positive correlation with bedrock depth, but the latter has a more pronounced response to bedrock.