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目的探讨高龄患者施行肾移植术的特点。方法对３１例年龄超过５０岁的肾移植患者的资料进行回顾性分析，其中年龄最大者７２岁。结果３１例患者，存活２５例，死亡６例，其中４例于术后近期死亡，２例死于肺部感染，１例死于脑血管意外，１例死于骨髓抑制，另２例分别于术后１８个月、２年死于肝癌和猝死。术后发生超急性排斥１例，急性排斥７例次，肺部感染７例，尿路感染５例。结论高龄并非肾移植的绝对禁忌证；高龄患者耐受力差，常伴随其它疾病，术前准备、术中麻醉及监测、术后并发症的防治、免疫抑制剂毒副作用的监测尤为重要；术后并发症，尤其是肺部感染是高龄患者的主要死亡原因。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of renal transplantation in elderly patients. Methods The data of 31 renal transplant recipients over the age of 50 years were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, the oldest was 72 years old. Results Twenty-one patients survived in 25 cases and died in 6 cases. Of them, 4 died of postoperative short-term infection, 2 died of pulmonary infection, 1 died of cerebrovascular accident, 1 died of myelosuppression. The other 2 cases were 18 months after surgery, 2 years died of liver cancer and sudden death. One case had hyperacute rejection, 7 cases acute rejection, 7 cases pulmonary infection and 5 cases urinary tract infection. Conclusion The elderly are not the absolute contraindications to renal transplantation. Elderly patients have poor tolerance and are often associated with other diseases. Preoperative preparation, intraoperative anesthesia and monitoring, prevention and treatment of postoperative complications, and immunosuppressive side effects are particularly important. Post-complications, especially lung infections, are the leading cause of death in elderly patients.