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目的分析蒙古黄芪中一种杂聚多糖的理化性质。方法应用微波萃取技术提取黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharides,APS),采用蛋白酶法脱除其中的蛋白质,高效凝胶过滤色谱法(HPGFC)测定其分子量(Mw),柱前衍生化高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定其单糖组成及其分子摩尔比,红外光谱、1H核磁共振测定其主要化学构型,热失重(TG)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对其进行热分析。结果提取物的分子量(Mw)为1.1×104、纯度为97.16%,其单糖组成及其分子摩尔比为Rha-Glc-Gal-Ara=1.19∶72.01∶5.85∶20.95,主要化学构型为α-吡喃构型,主链部分由Glu1→6糖苷键构成,对光、热及湿均不稳定。结论提取物为黄芪中一种新的杂聚多糖。
Objective To analyze the physicochemical properties of a kind of heteropolysaccharide from Mongolian astragalus. Methods Microwave extraction was used to extract Astragalus polysaccharides (APS). The protein was removed by protease method. The molecular weight (Mw) was determined by high performance gel filtration chromatography (HPGFC). Pre-column derivatization HPLC was used as the HPLC method. Determine the monosaccharide composition and its molecular molar ratio, infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR determination of the main chemical configuration, thermal gravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for thermal analysis. Results The molecular weight (Mw) of the extract was 1.1×104 and the purity was 97.16%. Its monosaccharide composition and its molecular molar ratio were Rha-Glc-Gal-Ara=1.19:72.01:5.85:20.95. The main chemical configuration was α. - The pyran configuration, in which the main chain consists of Glu1→6 glycosidic bonds and is unstable to light, heat and humidity. Conclusion The extract is a novel heteropolysaccharide in Astragalus membranaceus.