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本文讨论了哪些条件有利于经验科学的创新。原创性的科学研究背后,有三大类的基本条件:心理条件、社会条件和哲学条件。哲学观点有可能促进或阻碍科学研究,例如非理性主义和主观主义会严重伤害理性的探索现实的计划。只有在一个有利于理性和客观性的哲学环境中,科学研究才有可能蓬勃发展;此外,哲学环境本身也座落在更广泛的社会环境之中。本文详细阐述了这些主题,指出:原创性的科学研究必须服膺于由科学主义、实在论、唯物主义、系统论、人文主义构成的哲学五边形,且每一边都必须从“纲领性的主义”的角度来看待。
This article discusses what conditions favor empirical science innovation. Behind the original scientific research, there are three basic types of basic conditions: psychological conditions, social conditions and philosophical conditions. Philosophical perspectives may promote or hinder scientific research, for example, irrationalism and subjectivism can seriously hurt rational exploration of reality. Only in a philosophical environment conducive to rationality and objectivity can scientific research flourish. In addition, the philosophical environment itself is also located in a broader social environment. The paper elaborates on these topics and points out that original scientific research must be accorded the philosophical pentagons formed by scientism, realism, materialism, system theory and humanism, and each must proceed from the “programmatic Doctrine ”point of view.