稽古是引用辞格在文言文中的具体体现 ,有“用典”、“据典”、“事类”、“用事”等称谓。就内容而言 ,大致可分为援引古事与引用成辞两类。它的特点是被引用的古事成辞与所要论证的论点须有某种相似之处 ,借古喻今 ,以有寄托 ,抓住它们之间的微妙关系表达作者的思想。稽古的这一特点决定了历代文人学士乐于使用这一辞格。 Antiquarian is a concrete manifestation of quoted figures of speech in classical Chinese. There are such terms as “dictionaries”, “dictionaries”, “events” and “uses”. In terms of content, it can be divided into two categories: citing the ancient things and quoting the citation. It is characterized by the fact that the cited ancient remarks have some similarities with the arguments to be argued. By using the ancient metaphysics, we can express the author’s thoughts in the delicate relationship between sustenance and seizure. This characteristic of antiquity determines that scholars of ancient literati are happy to use this figure of speech.