本文以《医疗事故条例》与民事法律、法规及司法解释的冲突为切入点,首先从医疗事故的构成要件着手分析,将医疗事故界定为“医疗机构及其工作人员在医疗活动中,违反医疗卫生法律、行政法规、部门规章和诊疗护理规范、常规,过错造成患者人身损害的事故”,拓宽了医疗事故的范围,并在此基础上着重强调医疗机构的谨慎注意义务,缩小了医疗事故的免责事由。其次,经过分析认为医疗事故损害赔偿责任的性质是侵权责任与违约责任的竞合,在实践中应根据当事人意思自治原则区别对待,适用不同的归责原则,同时指出了赔偿范围与标准以及医疗事故鉴定的不足,批驳了“不属于医疗事故的,不承担赔偿责任”的错误观点,论证了惩罚性赔偿原则在医疗事故损害赔偿纠纷中适用的可行性,提出了医疗事故网上鉴定的设想。最后为了强化对患者的司法救济,分散医疗机构的风险,消化医疗机构的损失,平衡医患双方的利益冲突,构筑完整的医疗事故损害赔偿体系,对医疗责任保险的保险范围、除外责任提出了自己的看法,同时提出医事法律应借鉴其他法律的相关规定,对医疗责任保险做出强制投保规定的设想。 This article starts with the conflict between the “Medical Accident Ordinance” and civil laws, regulations and judicial interpretations. First of all, it starts with the analysis of the components of medical malpractice and defines the medical malpractice as “medical institutions and their staff members who violate medical treatment Health law, administrative rules and regulations, departmental rules and regulations, routine care and fault caused by personal injury of patients accident ”to broaden the scope of medical malpractice, and on this basis, emphasizing the care of medical institutions and careful attention to reduce the medical malpractice Disclaimer. Secondly, it is analyzed that the nature of liability for damages of medical malpractice is the competition between tort liability and liability for breach of contract. In practice, it should be treated differently according to the principle of autonomy of parties, different principles of attribution should be applied, and the scope and standard of compensation as well as medical treatment The inadequate identification of accidents criticizes the erroneous view that “not belonging to medical accidents and not liable for compensation” demonstrates the feasibility of applying punitive damages principle in the dispute of compensation for medical malpractice and puts forward the tentative plan of online identification of medical accidents. Finally, in order to strengthen the judicial relief to patients, disperse the risks of medical institutions, digest the losses of medical institutions, balance the conflicts of interests between doctors and patients, and build a complete compensation system for medical malpractice accidents, the scope of liability for medical liability insurance At the same time, it puts forward that medical law should draw lessons from the relevant provisions of other laws and envisage the mandatory insurance policy of medical liability insurance.