公共图书馆事业在我国的出现和发展一直是学术界研究的热点。然而,由于清末、民国时期我国政局动荡、战火连绵,公共图书馆图书馆事业跌宕起伏,大量的图书馆事业发展数据、资料毁于战火。文章研究民国时期我国公共图书馆事业变迁情况,重点探讨此次变迁的阶段性、时空性、层次性和突变性的特点,并分析此时期图书馆事业变迁的原因。 The emergence and development of public library in our country have always been the hotspot of academic research. However, due to the turmoil and war of political situation in our country during the late Qing and Republican periods, the library business in the public library was ups and downs. As a result, a great deal of library development data and data were destroyed in the war. This article studies the changes of the public library in our country during the period of Republic of China, and focuses on the characteristics of stage, space-time, hierarchy and mutation of the changes, and analyzes the causes of library’s changes in the period.