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目的研究肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticolaMa)花粉原位萌发特性,初步判定其自交不亲和类型。方法应用荧光显微法观察肉苁蓉花粉粒的原位萌发、花粉管在柱头及花柱中的生长路径;比较不同授粉方式和授粉不同时间花粉萌发和花粉管生长特性,并通过胼胝质的产生部位判断自交不亲和类型。结果观察结果显示,授粉后40 min花粉管开始萌发,1 h后长度达一个花粉粒径,但自花花粉总量较少,仅萌发的部分留在柱头上。异花授粉10～12 h后,花粉管已经在花柱的中空处集成一束,远离柱头花粉管长度达8～15 mm;自花授粉48～72 h后花粉管基本停止伸长,测量长度仅为2.8～5.6 mm,仍处于柱头与花柱交界处,末端出现较长胼胝质样亮点。结论 肉苁蓉种群内存在自不亲和性,自交不亲和类型属配子体型;同花的花粉与柱头成熟期相同且空间分离较小,花粉容易落到自花的柱头上萌发但不能结实,这可能是肉苁蓉自然结实率较低的原因之一。
Objective To study the in situ germination characteristics of pollen of Cistanche deserticolaMa and determine its self-incompatibility. Methods The growth and development of pollen tube in the stigma and style were observed by fluorescence microscopy. The pollen germination and pollen tube growth were compared under different pollination methods and pollen tube growth. Self-incompatibility type. Results The observation showed that the pollen tube began to germinate 40 min after pollination and reached a pollen grain size after 1 h, but the total amount of self-pollinated pollens was less and only the germinated ones remained on the stigma. After cross pollination for 10-12 h, the pollen tube was integrated into the hollow of the style and the length of the pollen tube away from the stigma was 8-15 mm. The pollen tube basically stopped elongating after 48-72 h of self pollination, 2.8 ~ 5.6 mm, still in the stigma and style at the junction, the end of the longer callose quality highlights. CONCLUSION Cistanche deserticola population is self-incompatible and self-incompatible type belongs to gametophyte type. The same pollen and stigma have the same maturity and less spatial separation, and the pollen tends to fall on the self-stigma stigma but can not grow strong. This may be Cistanche natural seed setting rate is one of the reasons.