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尼采的“日神说”和“酒神说”是理解其悲剧思想的钥匙,他的全部哲学思想就是从这两个概念引发出来的。尼采悲剧学说的价值在于他觉察到西方社会正在孕育和发展着的深刻的社会危机、精神危机和文化危机,并已经意识到旧世界及其所珍视的一切价值的必然没落,要求加以无情的否定。所谓“上帝死了”的说法,正是这种思想的形象化的表现。他的悲剧学说对后世,尤其是对实用主义、存在主义等20世纪西方重要的美学流派曾产生了较大的影响。
Nietzsche’s “gods” and “gods of wine” are the keys to understanding their tragedy thoughts, and all of his philosophical ideas are derived from these two concepts. The value of Nietzsche’s tragedy theory lies in his awareness of the profound social crisis, spiritual crisis and cultural crisis that western society is nurturing and developing. He has realized that the old world and the values it cherishes must decline inevitably and call for relentless rejection . The saying that “God is dead ” is the vivid manifestation of this thought. His tragedy theory had a great influence on later generations, especially the important Western aesthetics schools in the 20th century such as pragmatism and existentialism.