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目的:观察96序列相似的家庭成员B(FAM96B)在肝癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达，并探讨其临床意义。方法:收集2012年1月至2013年12月期间在中国人民解放军中部战区总医院接受手术治疗的肝癌患者的组织标本及临床病例资料。采用免疫组织化学技术(IHC)、蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测FAM96B在96例肝癌组织及配对癌旁组织中的表达，分析其表达差异与肝癌临床病理特征及预后的关系。组间均数比较采用n t检验。相关率的比较采用n χ2检验，运用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率并绘制生存曲线，单因素和多因素分析采用Cox比例风险回归模型。n 结果:IHC检测结果显示，FAM96B在癌旁组织阳性表达率高于肝癌组织[72.9%(70/96)比37.5%(36/96)]，差异有统计学意义(n χ2＝12.174，n P0.05)、乙肝抗原(n t＝-1.920，n P>0.05)、肝硬化(n t＝-1.508，n P>0.05)无明显相关。单因素分析结果表明肿瘤直径(n χ2＝7.458，n P0.05), hepatitis B antigen (n t=-1.920, n P>0.05), hepatocirrhosis (n t=-1.508, n P>0.05). Results of univariate analysis showed that tumor diameter (n χ2=7.458, n P<0.05), AFP (n χ2=32.993, n P<0.05), vascular tumor thrombus (n χ2=35.764, n P<0.05), HCC differentiation grade (n χ2=5.041, n P<0.05) and FAM96B protein expression level (n χ2=3.937, n P<0.05) were related factors affecting overall survival of HCC patients. The overall survival of the HCC patients with high FAM96B expression was significantly longer than that of patients with low FAM96B expression (median survival time 38 months vs. 24 months,n χ2=3.937, n P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that tumor diameter [hazard ratio (n HR) =0.304, 95% confidence interval (n CI) : 0.121-0.764, n P<0.05], AFP (n HR=0.366, 95%n CI: 0.142-0.943, n P<0.05), vascular tumor thrombus (n HR=0.453, 95%n CI: 0.228-0.903, n P<0.05) and FAM96B protein level (n HR=4.625, 95%n CI: 1.654-13.003, n P<0.05) were independent factors affecting overall survival of HCC patients.n Conclusion:The tumor diameter, AFP, vascular tumor thrombus and FAM96B expression level are independent factors affecting long-term survival of HCC patients. Moreover, FAM96B expression level is associated with the malignant degree and poor prognosis of HCC.