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交通运输是整个经济生活的神经系统,是联结城市和乡村、工业和农业以及其它各个经济部门之间的纽带。随着工、农业生产的发展和物资交流的扩大,交通运输业也必须得到相应的发展。否则,不但新的建设和原有生产的扩大不能进行,而且即使增产出来了大量的商品和物资,也因运送不到消费者和使用部门的手里,而不能实现它的价值。在发展交通运输业中,应以发展现代化交通运输事业为重点,而同时又必须注意到地方性运输事业的发展。联共(布)在一九二七年「关于拟定国民经济五年计划的指示」中,对地方性运输曾指出:
Transportation is the nervous system of the entire economic life, as a link between urban and rural areas, industry and agriculture, and various other economic sectors. With the development of labor and agricultural production and the expansion of material exchange, the transportation industry must also be developed accordingly. Otherwise, not only will new construction and expansion of existing production fail, but its value will not be realized even if large quantities of goods and materials are increased, nor delivered to the consumers and the departments of use. In the development of transportation industry, we should focus on the development of modern transportation and transportation, while at the same time we must pay attention to the development of local transportation. In its 1927 Instruction on the Five-Year Plan for the National Economy, the United Communal Party (BPL) pointed out that for local transportation,