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目的回顾性分析某院艾滋病(AIDS)患者高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)过程中药物不良反应(ADR)发生的特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法将2014~2015年120例已确诊AIDS并接受HAART治疗的患者随机分为两组,分别为A组:拉米夫定+替诺福韦+依非韦伦(3TC+TDF+EFV);B组:齐多拉米双夫定+依非韦伦(AZT/3TC+EFV),根据Karch和Lasagna评定法对治疗过程中出现的ADR评定,并对ADR的类型、出现的时间及转归进行回顾性分析。结果 AIDS患者接受HAART治疗的总ADR发生率为80.8%,多发生在用药1年后,主要是血脂升高、肝肾功能异常、血液系统异常及高血糖。A组ADR发生率是86.7%,发生率最高为肾功能异常(53.3%);B组ADR发生率75%,发生率最高为血脂升高(43.3%)。结论 AIDS患者HAART方案ADR发生率高,需注意监测和对症处理,不同HAART方案ADR发生率及类型有差异,需要根据患者情况制定用药方案。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the course of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in AIDS patients in a hospital and provide a reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods A total of 120 AIDS patients who were diagnosed with AIDS and received HAART during 2014-2015 were randomly divided into two groups: group A: lamivudine + tenofovir + efavirenz (3TC + TDF + EFV); Group B: Zidoramidifostine + Efavirenz (AZT / 3TC + EFV), according to Karch and Lasagna assessment of ADR assessment of the course of treatment, and the type of ADR, the timing and outcome of the outcome Retrospective analysis. Results The overall incidence of ADR in AIDS patients receiving HAART was 80.8%. The most common cause of ADR was AIDS after one year of treatment, mainly including elevated lipids, abnormal liver and kidney function, abnormal blood system and hyperglycemia. The incidence of ADR in group A was 86.7%, and the highest incidence was renal dysfunction (53.3%). The incidence of ADR in group B was 75% and the highest incidence was lipid hyperlipemia (43.3%). Conclusion The incidence of ADR in HAART patients with AIDS is high, so monitoring and symptomatic treatment should be paid attention to. The incidence and types of ADR in different HAART regimens are different, and the medication regimen needs to be formulated according to the patients’ condition.