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地膜覆盖栽培,是指用薄型塑料薄膜作地面覆盖材料,对农作物进行保护栽培,从而改变植株周围的小气候,使其在一定范围内的不良气候条件下比较正常地生长发育,达到提早收获、增加产量、提高品质、扩大繁殖系数、获得较高的经济效益的目的。地膜覆盖栽培技术以其增温、保墒、抑制杂草生长、促进作物早熟和增产等显著特点,确实给广大农民带来了实惠。新疆是从80年代引进地膜覆盖栽培技术的,并在全区大面积的推广,它的经济效益非常显著,被广泛应用于棉花、番茄、玉米、小麦、打瓜、甜菜、蔬菜、特色作物等,地膜覆盖栽培一般可使农作物增产30%~50%。但是,它在给人们带来经济效益的同时,也给我们耕种的土地带来了灾难。
Mulching refers to the use of thin plastic film as a ground covering material for crop protection and cultivation, thus changing the microclimate around the plants to make it grow and develop normally under adverse climatic conditions within a certain range to achieve early harvest and increase Yield, improve quality, expand breeding coefficient, access to higher economic benefits. Mulch mulching cultivation technology has brought tangible benefits to farmers with its remarkable features of increasing temperature, preserving soil moisture, restraining weed growth, promoting early maturity of crops and increasing yield. Xinjiang is the introduction of mulching cultivation techniques from the 1980s, and in the promotion of large area, its economic benefits are very significant, is widely used in cotton, tomato, corn, wheat, melon, beet, vegetables, specialty crops, etc. Film mulching cultivation generally increases crop yields by 30% to 50%. However, while bringing economic benefits to people, it also brought disaster to the land we cultivated.