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采用杂交、回交和复交并结合低世代品质鉴定的育种方法 ,育成了配合力强、F1籽粒充实度好的BT型粳稻不育系“秀水 0 4A”和米质特优、恢复力达 94.42 %的粳型强恢复系“R16 1”。以此亲本配组的杂交粳稻组合“8优 16 1”不仅产量杂种优势明显 ,而且米质优良 ,经农业部中国稻米及制品质量监测中心测定 ,稻米多数指标达到 2 0 0 0年国家新颁布的优质稻谷标准。研究还表明 ,在杂交粳稻亲本选育时 ,不育系应以矮秆、株型优良为重点 ,恢复系应以优良的穗部性状为主 ,而F1杂种优势不仅要穗数适中、穗大粒多 ,同时要具有一定的营养体优势作为高产的基础。
The BT type japonica CMS line “Xiushui 0 4A” with excellent grain filling ability and good quality of F1 was bred by the methods of hybridization, backcrossing and backcrossing combined with low-generation quality identification. The restoring power reached 94.42 % Japonica strong restorer line “R16 1”. The hybrid Japonica rice combination “Youyou 8 1” with this parental group not only had obvious advantages in yield heterosis, but also had excellent quality of rice. As measured by China Ministry of Agriculture, China Rice and Products Quality Monitoring Center, most of the indicators of rice reached 20000 newly issued by the state Quality rice standards. The study also showed that in breeding parents of hybrid japonica rice, the sterile lines should be dwarf, plant type is good, the restorer should be based on good ear traits, F1 hybrid superiority not only to the appropriate number of ears, spike large grain More, at the same time to have a certain advantage of nutrition as a basis for high yield.