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目的分析北京市丰台区麻疹疫苗强化免疫前后疫情特征变化,评价强化免疫效果,为实现消除麻疹行动计划提供对策依据。方法通过描述流行病学分析2010年强化免疫前后麻疹发病的三间分布特征。结果 2008—2010年共报告麻疹确珍病例1 086例,强化免疫后丰台区麻疹发病率明显下降,2008—2010年平均发病率为21.5/10万,2011年下降至0.6/10万;病例在城乡散在分布,多为流动人口,主要由1岁以内儿童病例(30.1%)和15岁以上成人病例(55.5%)组成。结论丰台区麻疹疫苗初始强化免疫效果非常显著,麻疹人群流行病学特征已发生重大变化,需对重点人群采取针对性措施巩固强化免疫成果,实现消除麻疹目标。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles vaccine before and after immunization in Fengtai District, Beijing, and to evaluate the effect of intensified immunization in order to provide countermeasures for the elimination of measles. Methods By describing the epidemiological analysis of the three distributional characteristics of measles before and after the 2010 immunization. Results A total of 1 086 measles cases were reported in 2008-2010. The incidence of measles in Fengtai District decreased significantly after the boost, with an average incidence of 21.5 / 100000 in 2008-2010 and 0.6 / 100,000 in 2011; Urban and rural areas scattered, mostly floating population, mainly by children within 1 year of age (30.1%) and adults over the age of 15 (55.5%). Conclusion The initial immunization of measles vaccine in Fengtai District is very significant. The epidemiological characteristics of measles population have undergone significant changes. Targeted measures need to be taken in key populations to consolidate the results of intensive immunization and to eliminate the measles target.