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本实验为解决EHF病毒在中国EHF主要宿主动物种群中的传播途径问题,以及进一步研究阐明“鼠传人”的途径,在本室负压隔离器内进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠,对不同来源毒株(从黑线姬鼠分离的遵义后坝株和自永春褐家鼠分离的R26株)、不同感染途径(气溶胶、口饲、滴鼻和划皮)都能发生感染,从试鼠特异性IgG抗体产生滴度看,气溶胶易感染黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠。结果还显示,黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠对从本种分离的毒株更敏感。从褐家鼠产生的EHF IgG抗体滴度看,一般均低于黑线姬鼠,是否与感染量多少有关,有待进一步研究。本实验进一步证明,黑线姬鼠毒株和褐家鼠毒株,可致两种试鼠相互感染。由此可见,姬鼠型疫区演变为混合型疫区是必然趋势。基于此点,控制疫区褐家鼠数量,不仅能防止疫区蔓延扩大,且可阻断黑线姬鼠病毒传播给褐家鼠。因此,具有重要的流行病学意义。
In order to solve the problem of EHF virus transmission in the main host animal population of EHF in China and to further elucidate the route of “rat transmission”, this experiment was conducted in a negative pressure isolator in our laboratory. The experimental results show that Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus have different infection pathways (aerosol, oral cavity (R26), R26 strain isolated from Ramsilage of Zunyi and R26 from Yongchun brown rat) Feeding, dripping nose and scratching) can occur from the test mouse-specific IgG antibody titers, aerosols susceptible to Apodemus and Rattus norvegicus. The results also show that Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus are more susceptible to strains isolated from this species. The EHF IgG antibody titer produced by Rattus norvegicus was generally lower than that of Apodemus agrarius and whether it was related to the amount of infection needs to be further studied. This experiment further proves that Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus strains, can cause two kinds of test mice mutual infection. Thus, it is inevitable that the evolution of the Apodemus agie-type epidemic area into a mixed-type epidemic area. Based on this, controlling the number of Rattus norvegicus in the endemic area can not only prevent the spreading and spreading of the infected area, but also block the transmission of the Apodemus agrarius to Rattus norvegicus. Therefore, it has important epidemiological significance.