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目前,我国棉花种植的主要作业环节均已实现机械化,但棉花收获仍大量采用人工作业。棉花收获用工约占总用工量的1/5~1/3,且多在农忙季节。棉花的现蕾、结铃和吐絮是逐渐进行的,吐絮的顺序是由上而下、由里向外依次开放,因此棉花收获也要分期作业。机械收获棉花主要有一次收花法和分次收花法两种。一次收花法用的是摘铃机一次性将吐絮棉桃和未开裂的棉桃摘收,而分次收花法是用采棉机分几次采摘吐絮棉桃的籽棉,最后再用摘铃机摘下未开的棉铃。
At present, the main operations of cotton cultivation in our country have all been mechanized, but the cotton harvest still uses a lot of manual work. Harvesting cotton labor accounts for about 1/5 ~ 1/3 of the total amount of work, and more in the busy season. Cotton’s budding, bolting and bolting are gradually carried out. The order of bolting is top-down and turn-by-turn opening. Therefore, the harvest of cotton also needs to be staged. Mechanical harvesting of cotton has a method of receiving flowers and sub-two flowers received. A method of closing the flowers is used to pick the bell machine disposable bolus floss peach and unopened bolls picked, and sub-sub-flower method is to use a cotton picker to pick the seeds of cotton floss flocculus several times, and then pick the pickling machine pick Under the unopened boll.