伊朗北邻苏联 ,南扼波斯湾之咽喉 ,战略位置十分重要。二战初期 ,它奉行中立政策 ,周旋于英苏和德国之间 ,力图使自己置身于战争之外。但终因在德驻伊人员问题上 ,与同盟国发生龃龉 ,导致盟国出兵伊朗 ,迫使其放弃中立。伊朗最终以特殊的形式 ,参与了这场伟大的反法西斯战争。苏联藉战争之需 ,在伊朗北部构筑势力范围 ,使苏伊关系日趋紧张。战后初期从伊朗撤军问题导致了美苏关系的恶化 ,成为冷战爆发的一个重要导火线 Iran’s northern Soviet Union, south of the throat of the Persian Gulf, the strategic position is very important. In the early days of World War II, it pursued a neutral policy and struggled between Britain, the Soviet Union and Germany in an effort to keep itself outside the war. At the end of the day, however, there was clash with allies over the issue of the presence of personnel in Iraq on the German side, leading allied countries to dispatch troops to Iran and forcing them to renounce their neutrality. Iran eventually took part in this great anti-fascist war in a special form. The Soviet Union needed the war to build up its sphere of influence in northern Iran and made the relations between the Soviet Union and Iraq increasingly tense. The withdrawal of troops from Iran in the early postwar period led to the deterioration of the U.S.-Soviet relations and became an important fuse for the outbreak of the Cold War