论文部分内容阅读
●交通需求的增长始终高于交通供给的增长,如剪刀差一般,两者的不平衡日益加剧。特别是在我国的大城市和特大城市中,城市交通已经成为制约城市社会健康发展的严重问题。●在许多大城市中,由于道路交通的拥堵,机动车的平均行驶速度往往不到20公里,在市中心区甚至更低,北京市的干道平均车速比十年前下降约一半。●城市公交平均车速仅10公里,公交出行时间比十年前平均延长10分钟。●2003年,全国因交通拥堵造成的经济损失达2500亿元人民币,相当于中国当年GDP的2%。●由于交通拥堵使得交通事故率、有害气体排放量以及噪声等交通公害有增无减,城市环境进一步恶化。
● The growth of traffic demand is always higher than that of transport supply. As the scissors are poor, the imbalance between the two is exacerbated. Especially in the big cities and megacities in our country, the urban traffic has become a serious problem restricting the healthy development of urban society. ● In many big cities, the average speed of motor vehicles is often less than 20 kilometers due to traffic congestion and even lower in downtown areas. The average speed of arterial roads in Beijing drops by about half as compared with that of a decade ago. ● The average speed of urban public transport is only 10 km and the bus travel time is extended by 10 minutes on average over the previous ten years. ● In 2003, the national economic loss caused by traffic congestion reached 250 billion yuan, equivalent to 2% of China’s GDP. ● The urban environment has further deteriorated due to the increase of traffic accidents, the traffic accident rate, the emissions of harmful gases and noise.