热交换器和化工反应器中管子管板焊缝接头的完好性对无故障可靠运行是极其重要的。除了焊缝的机械强度之外,密封性也是基本的要求,因为焊缝隔开了不同介质之间的流动。人们通常要求对这些焊缝作无损探伤,但做成这件事是很困难的,实际上它完 The integrity of the tube sheet weld joints in heat exchangers and chemical reactors is paramount to trouble-free and reliable operation. In addition to the mechanical strength of the weld, the sealability is also a basic requirement because the weld separates the flow between different media. It is often required to make non-destructive inspections of these welds, but it is difficult to make it, and in fact it ends