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为有效改善桥式起重机驾驶员的操作水平,通过分析和确定这种起重机的工作流程,建立驾驶员基本动作序列。采用第二代人因可靠性分析(HRA)模型,按正常工作状态与紧急工作状态2种情况,对驾驶员操作可靠度进行全面、定量的分析与研究。结果表明,驾驶员操作可靠度定量研究中,重要的是要考虑起重机机型和基本操作动作序列、工作状态、动作时间、人机工效、作业环境等复杂因素。建立驾驶室人机工效定量分析与评价机制,加强驾驶员专业教育培训及考核制度、改善工作环境等技术措施,从根本上提高驾驶员操作可靠度等级,才能符合起重机械安全的发展趋势。
In order to effectively improve the operational level of the bridge crane driver, a pilot’s basic sequence of actions is established by analyzing and determining the crane’s workflow. The second generation of human reliability analysis (HRA) model, according to normal working conditions and emergency working conditions in two cases, the reliability of the driver to conduct a comprehensive and quantitative analysis and research. The results show that it is important to consider the complicated factors such as crane model, basic sequence of operation, working condition, operating time, ergonomics and operating environment in the quantitative study of driver’s operational reliability. The establishment of cab ergonomics quantitative analysis and evaluation mechanism to strengthen the professional education and training of drivers and assessment system to improve the working environment and other technical measures to fundamentally improve the driver’s operating reliability level in order to meet the crane safety trends.