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变质量热力系在状态变化的同时其工质数量也在变化,且其变化对热力过程的特性有影响。但常用的过程方程不能完全反映包括工质数量变化在内的参数间关系。本文用变质量系统热力学基本关系式导出过程方程一般式,再引入过程指数,推导出参数变化规律及功的计算式。这些式子简便、明晰,有利于对过程特性的了解,亦便于实用计算。
Variable mass thermodynamic system in the state changes at the same time the number of its working substance is also changing, and its changes have an impact on the characteristics of the thermal process. However, the common process equations can not fully reflect the relationship between the parameters including the change of the quantity of working fluid. In this paper, the general equation of process equation is deduced from the basic thermodynamic relationship of variable mass system, then the process index is introduced to derive the law of parameter variation and the calculation formula of work. These formulas are simple, clear, conducive to the understanding of the process characteristics, but also facilitate practical calculations.