石头是一种承载了古人不朽愿望的材料,在西方被普遍运用于伟大的建筑物与纪念物,而有些中国文人却对其永恒性持有怀疑态度。沿着羊祜、杜预、欧阳修、文徵明的线索,我们可以管窥到一种变化:同样为了实现不朽,文人如何摆脱陈规,既依靠石头,又超越石头,甚至还建造起图书上的虚构楼阁。他们在石头磨灭、祠堂坍塌、亭阁废弃之前就做好了准备。 Stone is a kind of material that bears the immortal desire of the ancients. It is widely used in the West for great buildings and monuments. Some Chinese scholars are skeptical about their eternal nature. Following the clues of Lambs, Du Fu, Ouyang Xiu, and Wen Zhengming, we can observe a change: In order to achieve immortality, how the literati can get rid of stereotypes, not only rely on stone, but also beyond the stone, and even build fiction on books. pavilion. They were prepared before the stone was destroyed, the temple collapsed, and the pavilion was abandoned.