目前,在较高的土石坝研究中,常用数学模型进行分析,而物理模型很少用于土石坝的研究。本文根据相似原理和岩土的工程特性,提出了确定相似常数的原则和建立相似条件的方法。另外,对数学模型和物理模型在土石坝的设计和研究中的应用也进行了探讨。最后,对××水电站土石围堰物理模型的设计和试验中的一些问题进行了讨论。 At present, in the research of high earth-rock dams, mathematical models are commonly used for analysis, and physical models are rarely used for the research of earth-rock dams. Based on the similarity principle and the engineering characteristics of rock and soil, this paper proposes the principle of determining similarity constants and the method of establishing similar conditions. In addition, the application of mathematical models and physical models in the design and research of earth-rock dams is also discussed. Finally, some problems in the design and test of the soil-rock cofferdam physical model of the ×× hydropower station are discussed.