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美国的花生种植面积约60万公顷,在主要农作物中,其面积序列第九。1974年,美国花生总产约为1707,000公吨,产值57.6亿美元。七个州的产量占总产量的98％。佛州蔓生品种占花生面积的一半以上和总产量的60％。另外两个品种“星”和“佛州巨人”分别占花生种植面积的16%和12%。美国目前种植的花生品种对虫害和病原菌的抗性,均未进行过遗传学鉴定。在整个食品业中从种植者到消费者存在着单一性栽培和单调一律的压力。但是,花生的异源多倍体遗传结构和改进的育种程序,为生产取代现有纯系品种的经济上占统治地位的品种,提供了更多的遗传多样性。进一步扩大遗传基础,则要求改变品种种子的鉴定标准和市场分级标准。
The United States has about 600,000 hectares of peanut acreage, ninth of its major crop series. In 1974, the total output of peanuts in the United States was about 1707,000 metric tons, with a production value of 5.76 billion U.S. dollars. Seven states produce 98% of the total output. Populus species in Florida account for more than half of the peanut area and 60% of the total output. The other two species “Star” and “Florida Giant” accounted for 16% and 12% of peanut acreage respectively. None of the peanut cultivars currently planted in the United States have been genetically identified for their resistance to pests and pathogenic bacteria. There is a single culture and monotonous pressure from growers to consumers throughout the food industry. However, the allopolyploid genetic structure of peanuts and improved breeding programs provide more genetic diversity for the production of economically dominant varieties that replace existing lineages. To further expand the genetic basis, it is required to change the varieties of seed identification standards and market grading standards.