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本文旨在分析佛利尔艺术馆所藏商代晚期青铜容器含铅量产生差别的原因。首先我们发现器物纹饰、铭文、錾刻、范线都与其含铅量无关。其次,文章结合殷墟妇好墓等商代晚期墓葬中青铜容器的合金比例数据,得出器物的含铅量与器物足部形制、年代及使用者的身份等级关系密切这一结论。并进一步指出铅在商代晚期是一种易开采与冶炼的金属,是珍稀铜料的廉价替代品,其使用在部分程度上起到了“别尊卑、殊贵贱”的礼制作用。
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the causes of the discrepancy between the contents of lead in bronze containers collected in the late Silurian Museum of Art in the Late Shang Dynasty. First of all, we find that the decoration of objects, inscriptions, carvings and vanishing lines have nothing to do with their lead content. Secondly, based on the alloy proportion data of the bronze vessels in the Late Shang Dynasty tombs, such as the “Yinxu Funeral Tomb”, the article concludes that the lead content of utensils is closely related to the foot shape of utensils, the ages and the user’s status. Furthermore, it is further pointed out that lead is a metal that is easy to mine and smelt in the late Shang dynasty and is an inexpensive alternative to rare copper materials. The use of lead, to a certain extent, plays a role of ceremonial gift.