17世纪初,中俄之间最早的直接交往沟通不畅,来华俄使无功而返,除因双方文化国情差异所致外,语言障碍是非常重要的原因之一。17世纪下半叶的中俄交往中,北京耶稣会士充当翻译,中俄之间在语言上达成了基本的沟通。尼布楚条约中徐日升携张诚作为中国谈判团的成员,在谈判的过程中促成了中俄双方的相互理解、推动会谈得以一步步展开,最终达到了中俄双方都希翼的通过和平方式解决边界问题的目的,徐日升也因此成为中俄早期关系史中的重要人物。本文以尼布楚谈判为基础,分析徐日升在中俄交涉中的耶稣会士身份和清廷使巨身份,并结合当时俄罗斯使臣对徐日升的看法和中外的中俄关系史研究学者对徐日升在中俄交涉中的作用的研究,力求从另一个角度揭示徐日升在中外交涉以及进而在中外文化交流中所表现出来的形象。 At the beginning of the 17th century, the earliest direct communication between China and Russia was sluggish. The visit to China and Russia made no success. Apart from the differences in cultural conditions between the two countries, the language barrier is one of the most important reasons. In the second half of the 17th century during the Sino-Russian exchanges, the Beijing Jesuits acted as a translator, and China and Russia reached a basic language of communication. During the talks, Xu Risheng and Zhang Cheng, members of the Chinese negotiating delegation, facilitated the mutual understanding between China and Russia and promoted the talks to be carried out step by step. Eventually, China and Russia reached the summit through peaceful means For the purpose of settling the border issue, Xu also became an important figure in the early history of relations between China and Russia. Based on the Nebuchadze negotiations, this article analyzes the status of Jesuits and the great status of the Qing court during the Sino-Russian negotiations of Xu's literary creation. In the light of the current Russian envoys' opinions of Xu and the history of the Sino-foreign relations between China and Russia, The study of the role of China and Russia in negotiations will seek to reveal from another angle the image that Xu later showed in Sino-foreign negotiations and further in the cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.