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一、价电子层电子对互斥理论的緣起及基础 1940年Sidgwick和Powell注意到,即使組成分子的原子不同,只要中心原子价电子层上总电子对数相等,諸电子对的空間排布就相似,因而这些分子的空間构型相似。1946年Helferich对一些簡单共价分子的結构作了进一步的分析和综合,找到根据中心原子有无孤对电子判断AX_n型分子空間結构的經驗規則。初步解决了如H_2O,CO_2,CH_4,NO_3~-等分子(或离子)的空間結构的判断問題。但他对这些規则
First, the valence electron-layer theory and the basis of mutual exclusion Motivation Sidgwick and Powell in 1940 noted that, even if the atoms of the constituent molecules are different, as long as the central electron valence electron total number of pairs equal, the spatial arrangement of the electron pairs Similarly, the spatial configuration of these molecules is similar. In 1946, Helferich further analyzed and synthesized the structures of some simple covalent molecules to find the rule of thumb for determining the spatial structure of AX_n-type molecules based on the presence or absence of lone pairs of electrons in the central atom. Initially solved such as H_2O, CO_2, CH_4, NO_3 ~ - molecules (or ions) to determine the spatial structure of the problem. But he is right on these rules