先对文学和批评这两个概念作一下说明。文学是个广义的范围,外延很难界定。应该有纯粹的文学。除了纯粹的文学外,还有许多文学性因素,它们虽然不属于纯粹文学范围,但其文学性不容忽视。它们也是文学。有了它们的存在,也就有了文学的复杂和多义。此处的批评指的是文学批评。文学批评之类的说法也存在疑义。比如说批评者的视角、批评家的立足点——文学批评究竟指的是文学的批评,还是对文学的批评?具体的说,也就是文学批评是自身站在文学之外,然后对文学整 Explain the concepts of literature and criticism first. Literature is a broad scope, the extension is difficult to define. There should be pure literature. In addition to pure literature, there are many literary factors, although they do not belong to the scope of pure literature, but its literature can not be ignored. They are also literature. With their existence, there is also the complexity and polyseism of literature. Criticism here refers to literary criticism. There are also doubts about literary criticism and the like. For example, from the perspective of critics, critics of the foothold - whether literary criticism refers to literary criticism or criticism of literature? Specifically, literary criticism is itself standing outside of literature, and then the whole literature