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中国出口奇迹如何得以实现?本文利用中国海关贸易和工业企业的合并数据,通过构建中国情境下的出口价格与出口质量指标,实证检验了二者对企业出口二元边际的影响效应。计量模型的检验结果显示:第一,中国出口扩张主要依赖于“低质竞价”模式。企业出口质量对集约边际存在显著的促进效应,但对扩展边际呈现抑制效应,企业出口价格与集约边际存在负相关关系,但对扩展边际存在一定的促进效应;第二,在不同贸易方式与企业所有制类型中,加工贸易方式下的出口价格、质量对出口二元边际影响更为显著,而外资、港澳台等企业出口质量与二元边际间存在正相关关系,这对中国以价格竞争为主的出口模式具有一定的优化效应。以上这些发现,不仅对理解中国出口扩张的实现动因和重要影响因素提供了经验证据,也为中国对外贸易政策的调整提供了具有现实意义的参考依据。
How China’s Export Miracle Can Be Realized? This paper uses the combined data of China’s customs trade and industrial enterprises to test the impact of the two on the export of enterprises through the establishment of export prices and export quality indicators in China. The test results of the econometric model show that: First, China’s export expansion mainly depends on the “low-quality bidding” model. The export quality of enterprises has a significant promoting effect on the intensive marginalization but a restraining effect on the expansionary margins. There is a negative correlation between export prices and the intensive marginalization of enterprises, but there is a certain promoting effect on the expansionary margins. Secondly, in different trade modes and enterprises Among the types of ownership, the export price and quality under the mode of processing trade have a more significant impact on the duality of exports. However, there is a positive correlation between the export quality of foreign capital, Hong Kong, Maucao and Taiwan enterprises and the bilateral margin, which is mainly due to the price competition in China The export model has a certain optimization effect. These findings not only provide empirical evidence for understanding the realization of China’s export expansion and important influencing factors, but also provide practical reference for the adjustment of China’s foreign trade policy.