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从1977年发现聚乙炔薄膜可以通过所谓“掺杂”的方法使它从绝缘体变成呈现接近于金属导电性的薄膜以来,导电高聚物的研究已经吸引了全世界许多物理学家、物理化学家和有机合成化学家日益增长的兴趣。可是直到目前我们对这些“掺杂”高聚物的结构、电子性质、物理化学性质等的理解还是很零星的、片断的,也可以说是一知半解、捉摸不住的状态。即使避开是否确实存在孤子的问题和这些物质金属导电性的本质问题,仅从物理化学家的角度来看导电高聚物,也有一大堆的问题有待于研究工作去澄清。本文将从我们实验室近年来对聚乙炔(PA)、聚吡咯(PPy)、聚噻吩(PTh)的研究进展来举例说明这些问题。
Since 1977 it has been found that polyacetylene films can be made so-called “doping” from insulators to films that exhibit a conductivity close to metal since the research of conductive polymers has attracted many physicists, physicists The growing interest of home and organic synthesis chemists. Until now, however, our understanding of the structure, electronic properties, physicochemical properties, etc. of these “doped” polymers is still very sparse, fragmented, and can be said to be a perplexing, unpredictable state. Even avoiding the question of the existence of solitons and the essential nature of the conductivity of these metals, there are a great deal of research questions to be clarified from the physicist’s point of view alone. In this paper, we will illustrate the progress of the research on polyacetylene (PA), polypyrrole (PPy) and polythiophene (PTh) in our laboratory in recent years.