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[目的]研究紫色象草(Pennisetum purpureum Schumab cv.Purple)的产量、品质特性及适应性,为其新品种审定及饲草开发提供参考依据。[方法]以紫色象草为研究对象,20072009年在广西南宁、凌云和天等参加品种比较试验,2011～2013年在海南澹州、福建福州和广东湛江参加品种区域性试验,测定其株高、干草产量、茎叶比、营养成分等综合性状,并与热研4号王草(P.purpureum×P.americanum cv.Reyan No.4)和桂闽引象草(P.purpureum Schum cv.Guiminyin)进行对比分析。[结果]紫色象草的平均株高706.54 cm,比热研4号王草、桂闽引象草分别低5.92%和8.44%;2007～2009年在广西南宁、凌云和天等3个试验点的平均十草产量为32.74±3.28 t/ha,2011-2013年在海南澹州、福建福州和广东湛江3个区域性试验点的平均十草产量为22.41±2.23 t/hm2,干草产量虽然比两个对照品种低,但差异均不显著(P>0.05);紫色象草的茎叶比0.98:1。与热研4号王草和桂闽引象草相比,其干物质中的粗纤维分别降低4.76%和2.78%,中性洗涤纤维降低5.07%和2.22%,酸性洗涤纤维降低2.54%和1.99%;而粗脂肪分别提高64.29%和43.75%,钙含量提高28.00%和33.33%,磷含量提高9.68%和22.73%,氨基酸总量提高43.23%和68.41%,叶片花青素含量显著提高400.00%和216.90%(P<0.05)。[结论]紫色象草的适应性强,产草量高,营养丰富,适口性好,是饲养草食动物的优质牧草新品种,适合在我国南方地区综合开发利用。
[Objective] The study aimed to study the yield, quality characteristics and adaptability of Pennisetum purpureum Schumab cv. Purple and provide references for its validation of new varieties and forage development. [Method] The purple grass was taken as the research object. In20092009, Nanning, Lingyun and Tian participated in the comparative trials of varieties. From 2011 to 2013, the regional trials were conducted in Danzhou of Hainan, Fuzhou of Guangdong and Zhanjiang of Guangdong to determine the plant height , The yield of hay, the ratio of stems and leaves, the nutritional components and so on, were compared with those of P.purpureum × P.americanum cv. Reyan No.4 and P.purpureum Schum cv. Guiminyin) for comparative analysis. [Result] The average plant height of purple grass was 706.54 cm, which was 5.92% and 8.44% lower than that of Wangyan and Gui-min, respectively. From 2007 to 2009, there were three experimental sites in Nanning, Lingyun and Tianqian The average annual yield of Chinese shriveal grass was 32.74 ± 3.28 t / ha. The average annual yield of Chinese shriveal grass was 22.41 ± 2.23 t / hm2 in 2011-2013 at three regional pilot sites in Hainan Pizhou, Fuzhou, Fujian and Zhanjiang, Guangdong. The two control varieties were low, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05); purple grass weeds than the 0.98: 1 ratio. The crude fiber in dry matter decreased by 4.76% and 2.78%, the neutral detergent fiber decreased by 5.07% and 2.22%, the acidic detergent fiber decreased by 2.54% and 1.99 %, While the crude fat increased by 64.29% and 43.75%, the content of calcium increased by 28.00% and 33.33%, the content of phosphorus increased by 9.68% and 22.73%, the total amount of amino acids increased by 43.23% and 68.41%, the anthocyanin content increased by 400.00% And 216.90% (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The purple grass was more adaptable, high in grass yield, rich in nutrients and good in palatability. It was a good quality forage new species for keeping herbivores and suitable for the comprehensive development and utilization in southern China.