与发达国家和发展中国家不同,原苏联东欧国家的国营企业是全盘国有化的。苏联在新经济政策时期,列宁曾提出并实行过以国营经济为主导、多种经济成分并存的政策。但列宁去世后,随着生产资料所有制社会主义改造、“向资本主义全线进攻”的开始,很快便形成了全盘国有化的模式。战后,这种模式又迅速传到了东欧国家。 与其他类型的国家相比,原苏联东欧国家国营企业的发展具有比重大、独占性强、分布广、只增不减的特点。在这些国家,长期以来并没有国营企业职能 Unlike developed and developing countries, the state-owned enterprises of the former Soviet Union and Eastern European countries were totally nationalized. In the period of the new economic policy of the Soviet Union, Lenin had proposed and implemented a policy of coexistence of a variety of economic components led by the state-run economy. However, after the death of Lenin, with the socialist transformation of the ownership of the means of production, the “attack on all fronts of capitalism” soon formed a pattern of overall nationalization. After the war, this model quickly spread to the Eastern European countries. Compared with other types of countries, the development of state-owned enterprises in the former Soviet Union and Eastern European countries was characterized by a large proportion, strong monopoly, wide distribution and only increasing or decreasing. In these countries, there has long been no state-owned enterprise function