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目的对老年人进行老龄化情况调查,了解老年人群主要慢性病及卫生资源利用情况。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对1 881名常住居民进行家庭情况、社会人口学特征、主要健康状况、疾病影响因素、卫生资源利用和生活情况调查。结果共调查2 051人,其中老年人1 881人,男性907人(占48.20%),女性974人(占51.80%),性别比为0.93∶1。平均年龄(63.66±9.81)岁,随着年龄上升,慢性病患病率增高(P<0.01)。婚姻对慢性病患病有影响,婚姻美满者慢性病患病率低(P<0.01)。主要慢性病顺位次序为高血压、关节炎、慢性肺部疾病、白内障、糖尿病、心绞痛、哮喘、脑卒中、伤害以及抑郁。住院者1年总治疗费用为2 080 952.38元,平均费用10 400元/次,非住院及家庭内治疗年治疗费用为1 361 636.83元,平均花费364.07元/次。老年人的医疗支出约占全年平均收入的19.86%。结论人口老龄化和不合理生活方式导致慢性病发生增加,老年人治疗费用增加,为社会带来沉重负担,因此应有效遏制主要慢性病的蔓延。
Objective To investigate the aging of the elderly and find out about the major chronic diseases and the utilization of health resources in the elderly. Methods The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to survey 1 881 resident residents on family status, socio-demographic characteristics, major health conditions, disease influencing factors, utilization of health resources and living conditions. Results A total of 2 051 people were surveyed, of whom 1 881 were elderly, 907 were male (48.20%) and 974 were women (51.80%), the sex ratio was 0.93:1. The average age (63.66 ± 9.81) years old, with age, the prevalence of chronic diseases increased (P <0.01). The impact of marriage on the prevalence of chronic diseases and the low prevalence of chronic diseases on the basis of good marriage (P <0.01). The order of the major chronic diseases is hypertension, arthritis, chronic lung disease, cataracts, diabetes, angina, asthma, stroke, injuries and depression. The total cost of hospitalization for one year was 2 080 952.38 yuan, with an average cost of 10 400 yuan / time. Treatment costs for non-hospital and family-based treatment were 1 361 636.83 yuan, with an average cost of 364.07 yuan / time. Elderly medical expenses account for about 19.86% of the average annual income. Conclusion The aging population and unreasonable life style lead to an increase in chronic diseases and an increase in the cost of treatment for the elderly, posing a heavy burden on the community. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively curb the spread of major chronic diseases.