一、引言亨利·菲尔丁(1707—1754)是18世纪英国现实主义小说家,生于没落贵族家庭,早年生活还算富裕,后来就每况愈下。少年时代在伊顿公学求学,而后在荷兰上大学,一年多后因为经济困难而中断学业,从此走上艰苦的谋生之路。他的写作生涯始于戏剧创作,失学后的短短七年间,他就完成了25个剧本,嬉笑怒骂间矛头直指英国上流社会。菲尔丁所处的时代正孕育着给人类带来巨大变化的工业革命,社会贫富悬殊,矛盾重重,于是作家就用戏 I. Introduction Henry Fielding (1707-1754), an 18th-century English realist novelist, was born in a declining aristocratic family and had a very prosperous life in his early years and was subsequently deteriorating. In his youth, he studied at Eton College, then went to college in the Netherlands, and after more than a year he interrupted his studies due to financial difficulties and took a hard time making a living. He began his writing career in drama creation, just seven short years after his absence, he completed 25 plays, laughing at the fingerprints of British high society. Fielding era is pregnant with the great industrial revolution brought about mankind, the great disparity between the rich and the poor society, so the writer on the play