目的探讨直肠癌合并肝转移患者施行同时手术的安全性及预后影响因素。方法回顾性分析1995年2月至2003年9月直肠癌合并肝转移同时施行手术切除患者的临床资料,应用Logrank检验进行统计学比较。结果23例患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为82.6%、60.9%和21.7%。区域淋巴结转移与患者术后生存期有关。结论对直肠癌合并肝转移患者施行同时手术及二期手术切除,均可获得相同的有效性和安全性,无淋巴结转移的患者疗效更好。 Objective To investigate the safety and prognostic factors of concurrent surgery in patients with rectal cancer complicated with liver metastasis. Methods The clinical data of patients with rectal cancer complicated with liver metastasis and surgical resection from February 1995 to September 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. The Logrank test was used for statistical comparison. Results The 1, 3, 5-year survival rates of 23 patients were 82.6%, 60.9% and 21.7% respectively. Regional lymph node metastasis and postoperative survival of patients. Conclusions Simultaneous surgery and second-stage surgical resection of patients with rectal cancer complicated with liver metastasis can achieve the same efficacy and safety, and patients with no lymph node metastasis are more effective.