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目的了解昆明市HIV感染妇女所生婴儿生长趋势,为该群特殊儿童的健康成长制定措施提供科学指导。方法选取2010年7月-2013年11月昆明市HIV感染产妇所生婴儿44例为暴露组,按条件配对,选取非感染HIV产妇所生婴儿44例为对照组。分别在出生时、3月龄、6月龄、9月龄、12月龄监测小儿身高和体重,采用问卷收集有关信息。结果男婴暴露组与对照组比较,各月龄体重及身长差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05);男婴暴露组与WHO标准值比较,出生体重差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各月龄体重及身长差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);男婴对照组与WHO标准值比较,出生体重及身长差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余各月龄体重及身长差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。女婴暴露组与对照组比较,体重方面,出生、3月龄、6月龄差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),9月龄、12月龄差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。身长方面,出生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),9月龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);女婴暴露组与WHO标准值比较,出生体重及身长差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余各月龄体重及身长差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);女婴对照组与WHO标准值比较,体重方面,3月龄、6月龄差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),出生、9月龄、12月龄差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。身长方面,3月龄、6月龄、9月龄差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),出生、12月龄差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论昆明市HIV感染妇女所生婴儿虽然在出生和头3个月内体格发育落后于对照组婴儿,但之后的追赶生长快,能在1岁时赶上生长。提示,HIV感染母亲所生婴儿早期喂养指导与护理仍需加强。
Objective To understand the growth trend of infants born to HIV-infected women in Kunming and to provide scientific guidance for the development of healthy growth of this group of special children. Methods From July 2010 to November 2013, 44 infants born from HIV-infected mothers in Kunming were enrolled. According to the condition, 44 infants born from non-infected HIV were selected as the control group. The height and weight of children were monitored at birth, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months of age respectively, and questionnaires were used to collect relevant information. Results Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in body weight and body length between male and female exposed groups (P <0.05). There was a significant difference in birth weight between exposed group and WHO standard (P <0.05) (All P> 0.05). There were significant differences in birth weight and body length between the control group and the WHO standard group (all P <0.05), while the others There was no significant difference in body weight and length at month (all P> 0.05). Compared with the control group, there were significant differences in body weight, birth, 3-month-old and 6-month-old between the exposed girls and the control group (all P <0.05), and no significant difference was found between the 9- and 12- > 0.05). There were significant differences in age, birth, age at 3 months, 6 months, 12 months (all P <0.05), but no significant difference at 9 months (P> 0.05) (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight and body length between the other months (all P> 0.05). Compared with the WHO standard value, Body weight, 3-month-old, 6-month-old differences were statistically significant (P <0.05), birth, 9-month-old, 12-month differences were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). As for height, there were significant differences between 3 months, 6 months and 9 months (all P <0.05), but no significant differences between birth and 12 months (all P> 0.05). Conclusions Infants born to women infected with HIV in Kunming are behind the growth of infants in the first 3 months of birth and in the first 3 months, but their catch-up growth is fast and they can catch up at the age of 1 year. Suggesting that guidance and care for early feeding of infants born to HIV-infected mothers still need to be strengthened.