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目的了解湖北省松滋市居民人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染筛查知识、信念及行为现状,并探讨强化健康教育干预对促进居民HIV筛查的知识和信念水平的效果。方法采取随机整群抽样方法抽取松滋市628名居民为调查对象,采用自行设计的HIV感染筛查知信行问卷,以集中现场调查和入户调查相结合的形式对居民进行调查。同时随机抽取3个社区居民设为干预组,开展强化健康教育干预,另3个社区居民未作干预,设为对照组。比较干预前后两组患者HIV感染筛查知信行问卷得分。结果居民HIV筛查认知较好、HIV筛查信念较好及愿意参与HIV筛查者分别占46.97%(295/628)、50.96%(320/628)、68.95%(433/628);经强化健康教育干预后,干预组居民HIV感染筛查知信行问卷中知识、信念得分及愿意参加HIV筛查比例分别为(23.54±8.63)分、(79.26±11.87)分和82.35%(252/306),均明显高于对照组的(21.71±8.32)分、(75.91±11.43)分和73.94%(210/284),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论松滋市居民的HIV筛查知识、信念、行为水平均不高,有待提高。强化健康教育干预可显著提高居民HIV筛查的知识和信念水平,改善筛查行为,对艾滋病防治有一定的积极意义。
Objective To understand the screening knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of HIV infection in Songzi City, Hubei Province, and to explore the effects of intensified health education interventions on promoting HIV screening among residents. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to select 628 inhabitants in Songzi City. The HIV infection screening self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the residents in the form of a combination of field investigation and household survey. At the same time, three community residents were randomly selected as the intervention group to carry out intensive health education intervention. The other three community residents did not intervene and were set as the control group. Before and after intervention, HIV and HIV screening scores of both groups were compared. Results Residents had better cognition of HIV screening, better HIV screening and willingness to participate in HIV screening, accounting for 46.97% (295/628), 50.96% (320/628) and 68.95% (433/628), respectively; After strengthening the intervention of health education, the proportion of knowledge, belief score and willingness to participate in HIV screening in HIV / AIDS screening questionnaire were (23.54 ± 8.63), (79.26 ± 11.87) and 82.35% (252/306 ) Were significantly higher than those in the control group (21.71 ± 8.32), (75.91 ± 11.43) and 73.94% (210/284), respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion Songzi residents HIV screening knowledge, beliefs, behavior levels are not high, to be improved. Intensified health education intervention can significantly increase the level of knowledge and belief of residents on HIV screening and improve the screening behavior, which has some positive effects on AIDS prevention and control.