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阿根廷植物育种者为了对小麦产量的影响效应进行估价,选择曾在1912—1980年之间推广应用的6个小麦品种进行了田间试验,并测定了各品种的生物产量、籽粒产量、产量指数和籽粒产量的构成部分。试验结果表明:参试品种在成熟期的生物产量没有随推广年代变化的趋势;在前半个世纪所推广的品种的籽粒产量和产量指数之间没有明显的差异,但后来推广品种在这两个性状上有显著改进。籽粒产量和产量指数之间,以及他们与每平方米的粒数之间都存在显著的强相关;单位面积粒数和单穗粒数是受植物育种影响最大的产量要素。较高的单位面积粒数取决于穗粒数,这也许可看作是在开花以前,有较多的光合同化产物被分配到正在发育的穗部的结果。
In order to estimate the effect of wheat yield, plant breeders in Argentina selected six wheat cultivars that had been popularized and applied between 1912 and 1980 for field experiments, and determined their biological yield, grain yield, yield index and Components of grain yield. The results showed that the biological yield of the tested cultivars did not change with the popularization period. There was no significant difference between the grain yield and the yield index of the varieties promoted in the first half of the century. However, Significant improvement in traits. There was a strong and significant correlation between grain yield and yield index and between them and grain number per square meter. Grain yield per unit area and grain per spike were the most important yield factors affected by plant breeding. The higher number of grain per unit area depends on the number of grains per spike, which may be thought of as the result of more photosynthetic products being distributed to the developing panicle before flowering.