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骨髓干细胞具有分化成多胚层干细胞的潜能,实验研究和临床实践证明,自体骨髓干细胞移植可使心肌梗死动物或病人的梗死面积缩小,心功能明显改善,梗死区出现新的心肌细胞和血管,从而使心梗病人的治疗和预后明显改善。骨髓干细胞移植治疗急性心肌梗死是目前医学研究的热点。本文简要介绍了干细胞的诱导分化和保护心肌的机制、干细胞的选择、植入途径、治疗方法和临床效果、存在的问题和展望等方面内容。
Bone marrow stem cells have the potential of differentiating into embryonic stem cells. Experimental research and clinical practice have proved that autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation can reduce the infarct area of myocardial infarction animals or patients, and improve the cardiac function. New myocardial cells and blood vessels appear in the infarct area. So that the treatment of myocardial infarction and prognosis significantly improved. Bone marrow stem cell transplantation for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction is currently the hot spot in medical research. This article briefly introduces the stem cell differentiation and the mechanism of myocardial protection, stem cell selection, implantation, treatment and clinical effects, problems and prospects and so on.