自本世纪50年代末以来,西方经济学界对跨国公司的研究不断深入,尤其是对跨国公司产生和发展的原因及条件论述颇多,现将其中比较有影响的理论概要介绍如下: 1.垄断优势论。美国经济学家海默认为,一个企业所以要对外直接投资,是因为它有比当地同类企业有利的垄断优势,从而在当地进行生产可以赚取更多的利润。这种垄断优势可 Since the late 1950s, Western economists have studied the MNCs continuously, especially on the causes and conditions of the MNCs’ emergence and development. The most influential theories are summarized as follows: 1. Monopolies Advantage theory. The US economist Heimer believes that an enterprise needs to make direct investment abroad because it has a favorable monopoly advantage over its counterparts in the region so that it can make more profits by producing locally. This monopoly advantage can be