《鸿门宴》中,对于人物的座次,司马迁是这样记载的: 项王、项伯东向坐;亚父南向坐,……;沛公北向坐;张良西向侍。顾炎武在《日知录》中说:“古人之坐,以东向为尊”。因此,《鸿门宴》中的座次,是面东为尊。这与古代帝王面南召见群臣议事,以南向为尊的座次不同,那么,“以东向为尊”究竟是怎么一回事呢? 据《仪礼》记,古代贵族的住屋,通常是坐北面南,而且一般为“堂室”结构,“堂”在前,“室”在后。“堂”不住人,是行吉凶大礼的地方,“堂”上座次最尊的是坐北面南。帝王在宫殿上的座位也是背北面南,群臣则北面朝君,故古书里常有“南面称王(孤)”、 “Banquet Banquet”, the figures for the seat, Sima Qian is recorded: the king, Xiang Bo east to sit; father to sit south ... ...; Pei Gong north to sit; Zhang Liang west to serve. Gu Yanwu said in the “Daily Record:” The ancients sit, eastward respect. “ Therefore, the ”Banquet“ in the seat, is the East for the respect. It is with the ancient emperors face south summoned to the ministers of the council, south of respect for the seat is different, then, ”eastward respect“ what exactly is it? According to ”ceremonial“ in mind, the ancient aristocracy of housing, It usually takes the north side of the south, and is generally a ”hall room“ structure, with ”hall“ in front and ”room“ in the back. ”Church“ does not live in people, is a good place for good and bad luck, ”Church“ on the seat of the most respect is to sit north south. The emperor's seat on the palace is also back to the north south, the ministers north toward the king, so often in ancient books, ”King of the South (lonely)",