单桩承载力的确定方法很多:一般可根据土的物理力学指标,按其摩阻力与端承力的经验值用静力学经验公式估算。或采用静力触探试验、现场标准贯入试验、打桩公式、波动理论等进行估算。对于重要工程及建筑群等,则在拟建地点进行垂直静载试验。这些方法中以垂直静载试验结果最为可靠。但因比较费事、费钱、又需要必要的试验设备等原因,并非所有工程均能进行。加上预先进行试桩往往困难很多,事后进行又收不到节约本工程投资的效果。因此,现阶段桩基设计在预估单桩垂直承载力时,常按摩阻力与端承力的经验值,应用静力学经验公式进行估算。对于这种经验值,以往我国 There are many ways to determine the bearing capacity of a single pile: generally based on the physical and mechanical indicators of soil, according to the empirical values ​​of its friction resistance and end bearing strength, it can be estimated by using the static empirical formula. Or use static cone penetration test, field standard penetration test, pile driving formula, wave theory, etc. to estimate. For important projects, buildings, etc., vertical static load tests are performed at the proposed site. Among these methods, the vertical static load test results are the most reliable. However, due to the relatively costly, expensive, and necessary test equipment, not all projects can be carried out. In addition, it is often difficult to perform trial piles in advance, and afterwards, it will not be able to save the investment in this project. Therefore, at the present stage, the pile foundation design estimates the vertical bearing capacity of a single pile, and the experience values ​​of massage resistance and end bearing force are often used to estimate the static empirical formula. For this empirical value, our country in the past