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再生障碍性贫血(以下简称再障),是一种以骨髓造血组织被脂肪取代而致全血细胞减少为特征的造血干细胞疾病。目前认为骨髓造血组织的减少是由于骨髓毒性物质、射线或免疫因素等损伤了骨髓造血干细胞或其微环境,使造血组织容量减少所致。长期以来,再障缺乏有效的治疗方法,病死率甚高。随着雄激素的广泛应用,慢性再障的治疗取得了一些进展。近10余年来,由于对再障发病机制的进一步了解,提出了抗胸腺细胞(或淋巴细胞)球蛋白和骨髓移植等新的治疗方法。本文仅就再障的免疫治疗,综述如下。肾上腺皮质激素 1951年Wintrobe首先应用促肾上腺皮质激素和考的松治疗3例再障。1957年中国医科院血研所用强的松治疗再障,每日20～30mg,疗程数月,15%血象好转,但疗效短,停药后血红蛋白均下降。近年国外有学者采用大剂量6-甲基强的松龙治疗,报告所获近期疗效和长期生存率均与抗淋巴
Aplastic anemia (hereinafter referred to as aplastic anemia) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by the reduction of whole blood cells caused by the replacement of fat by bone marrow hematopoietic tissue. At present, the reduction of bone marrow hematopoietic tissue is due to bone marrow toxic substances, radiation or immune factors, such as damage to bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells or its microenvironment, so that reduced capacity of hematopoietic tissue. For a long time, aplastic anemia lack of effective treatment, mortality is very high. With the widespread use of androgen, some progress has been made in the treatment of chronic aplastic anemia. For more than 10 years, due to the further understanding of the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia, put forward anti-thymocyte (or lymphocyte) globulin and bone marrow transplantation and other new treatment methods. This article only aplasia of immunotherapy, reviewed below. Cortina hormone In 1951 Wintrobe first application of corticotropin and testosterone treatment of 3 cases of aplastic anemia. In 1957, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences blood gluteal treatment of aplastic anemia, daily 20 ~ 30mg, course of treatment for several months, 15% improvement of blood, but the effect is short, hemoglobin decreased after drug withdrawal. In recent years, foreign scholars have used high-dose 6-methyl-prednisolone therapy, the reported short-term efficacy and long-term survival were anti-lymph