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目的:了解2010-2015年石家庄市无偿献血人群艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况,评估血液筛查后经输血传播HIV的风险并探讨现有筛查策略的效果。方法:收集2010-01-2015-06无偿献血人群HIV确证阳性结果,分别计算首次献血者和重复献血者HIV流行率,并用流行率/窗口期数学模型法计算经输血传播HIV残余风险度评估。结果:2010-01-2015-06共检测血液标本545 761份,确认阳性标本73份,流行率为0.013 4%。首次无偿献血者HIV流行率为0.009 9%(39/395 352),重复无偿献血者HIV流行率为0.022 6%(34/150409)。计算经血液筛查后,阴性血液传播HIV危险度为1∶251 889。结论:石家庄市无偿献血人群HIV流行率较低,但仍存在经血液筛查残余风险,故应进一步采取措施,保证血液安全,降低经输血传播HIV残余风险。
Objective: To understand the HIV infection status of blood donors in Shijiazhuang from 2010 to 2015, evaluate the risk of blood transfusion transmitted by blood screening and explore the effect of existing screening strategies. Methods: HIV positive results were collected from unpaid blood donors from 2010-01-2015-06. HIV prevalence of first-time donors and repeat donors were calculated. The prevalence / window mathematic model was used to calculate the residual risk of HIV transmitted by blood transfusion. Results: A total of 545 761 blood samples were detected from January 2010 to June 2015, of which 73 positive samples were confirmed. The prevalence was 0.013 4%. The prevalence of HIV for the first time in unpaid blood donors was 0.009 9% (39/395 352), and the prevalence of HIV in repeat unpaid blood donors was 0.022 6% (34/150409). After the blood screening was calculated, the HIV risk of negative blood transmission was 1:251 889. Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV in unpaid blood donors in Shijiazhuang is low, but there is still residual risk of blood screening. Therefore, further measures should be taken to ensure blood safety and reduce the residual risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion.